When should you worry about varicose veins?

Varicose veins are swollen, twisted veins that often appear just beneath the skin, most commonly in the legs. While many people see them as a cosmetic concern, they can sometimes be a sign of underlying vein disease that affects circulation and overall leg health.

In this article, we’ll explore the key signs and symptoms to look out for, the potential risks of leaving varicose veins untreated, and when it might be time to seek medical advice or treatment.

What are varicose veins and why do they form?

Varicose veins are enlarged, twisted veins that usually appear on your legs due to inefficient blood flow back to the heart. They differ from spider veins, which are fine surface veins, and reticular veins, which form blue or green networks beneath the skin.

The main cause of varicose veins is valve failure within the veins. When these one-way valves weaken, blood can flow backward (known as venous reflux), increasing pressure and causing veins to stretch and bulge.

The chances of developing varicose veins can increase because of the associated risks, for example: 

• Age: Veins weaken over time, making older adults more prone to varicose veins
• Gender: Women are more affected due to hormone changes, especially during pregnancy or menopause
• Genetics: If close family members have varicose veins, your risk is higher
• Pregnancy: Increases pressure on leg veins and changes hormone levels, both of which raise risk
• Obesity: Extra weight puts added strain on leg veins
• Standing/sitting for long periods of time: Reduces circulation and increases pressure in the legs

Are varicose veins dangerous? When they might be a concern

For many people, varicose veins are more of a cosmetic issue than a medical one. They may not cause any pain and might just look like twisted, bulging veins under the skin. However, varicose veins are actually a sign that something isn’t quite right with how blood is flowing in your legs, and that’s not something to ignore.

Varicose veins typically develop in stages that progress over time. Whilst early stages might include some symptoms like mild aching, heaviness, or swelling in the legs, once the condition develops, symptoms can worsen. Symptoms can be more of a concern when you experience: 

• Aching, heavy or throbbing legs
• Swelling in the ankles
• Itchy, dry or discoloured skin near the veins
• Muscle cramps, especially at night
• Changes to skin texture, with the risk of ulcer development

Many of these early stage symptoms, if unmanaged, can be linked to other possible complications such as Chronic Venous Insufficiency, venous ulcers, or permanent skin damage. According to NHS guidance for best practice, it's recommended that you visit your GP if you experience any pain or discomfort from your varicose veins.

Seeking timely medical advice can make a big impact on the effective management of varicose veins.

What are the red flags for varicose veins?

Certain symptoms can indicate that the condition is becoming more serious. You should see a doctor for your varicose veins if you notice any of the following warning signs:

• Pain or aching in your legs that worsens after standing or at the end of the day
• Swelling around the ankles or calves
• Bleeding from a vein near the surface of the skin, even after a minor knock
• Itching or eczema, often appearing as dry, irritated skin around the affected area
• Colour changes such as darkening or redness of the lower leg or ankle
• Ulceration, where sores or open wounds develop that are slow to heal

These symptoms may suggest underlying chronic venous insufficiency or other complications that require medical attention. Early assessment and treatment can help prevent further damage and improve long-term vein health.

How do I know if I have a blood clot in my varicose vein?

If you think you have a blood clot in your varicose veins, it's important to know the two types of clots that might occur: 

• Superficial thrombophlebitis: a vein near the surface of the skin becomes inflamed due to a small blood clot, causing redness, pain, and hardness along the line of a vein. May be painful but the clot typically remains localised.
• Deep vein thrombosis (DVT): occurs when a clot forms in a deeper vein, usually in the calf or thigh. Signs include swelling in one leg, pain or tightness, warmth, or heavy feeling. This clot can be more dangerous, with the possibility of travelling to the lungs, causing a pulmonary embolism.

If you notice severe pain, significant swelling, shortness of breath, or chest pain, call 999 or go to A&E immediately. For milder symptoms, such as localised redness or discomfort around a varicose vein, arrange to see your doctor for assessment and treatment as soon as possible.

Signs and symptoms you shouldn’t ignore

It's important to pay attention to these signs in your varicose veins and seek treatment before complications develop.

You shouldn’t ignore:

• Aching or heavy legs, especially after standing for long periods
• Cramps, burning, or itching sensations around visible veins
• Discolouration, eczema, or swelling near the ankles or lower legs
• Bleeding or ulceration, where the skin becomes fragile or sores fail to heal

If you experience any of these warning signs, it’s important to speak with a vein specialist or your GP to discuss your options.

The Benefits of Early Varicose Vein Treatment

Removing your varicose veins as early as possible with the latest, minimally-invasive treatments can help reduce pain, discomfort and provide long-term results for lots of patients. By seeking treatment early, you can:

• ‍Improve your circulation, reducing discomfort and fatigue‍
• Prevent complications such as skin damage, swelling, and ulcers
• Enhance your mobility, making daily activities more comfortable
• ‍Avoid worsening symptoms that could require more invasive procedures in the future

When Varicose Veins Affect Your Confidence

For some people, varicose veins may not cause significant physical symptoms, but they can still have a major impact on confidence and mental well-being. Many of our patients come to us feeling self-conscious about their legs, whether it’s avoiding certain clothing, feeling uncomfortable in social situations, or even experiencing negative comments about their veins.

We’ve treated teachers who’ve been self-conscious because of comments from students, professionals who avoid wearing skirts or shorts at work, and patients who want to feel more confident on holiday with their families. Feeling good in your own skin is just as important as physical health, and seeking treatment for cosmetic reasons is a completely valid decision.

Take Control of Your Vein Health Today

Whether you're experiencing painful varicose vein symptoms or simply want to feel more confident in your legs, we’re here to help. Seeking treatment is an investment in both your health and happiness, and we are committed to ensuring you receive the best possible care.

Ready to take the next step? Book a diagnostic assessment today and start your journey toward healthier, more confident legs.